Hi, this is Sandy. 我是《聽故事學英文》Podcast的采聿老師。
一年前2021年4月的時候，當時我們一家人在小吃店吃晚餐，電視上的新聞在家庭相聚的精華時段無差別、無分級地對著一家老小強力放送，各種聳動又兒童不宜的畫面、題材、文字。
專門為兒童製作的英文新聞很多，但中文的卻很不足！
所以，我想為孩子做一點點小事。雖然我不是學傳播出身，也不是記者，但我是一個關心小朋友的老師和母親，還是可以在有限的資源中，去發揮最大的影響力。所以每個月我都會在Podcast中為小朋友加入雙語新聞的元素，選擇適合孩子的題材，用孩子聽得懂的方式去報導國內和國外的大小事。
這集Podcast節目，我想跟小朋友聊聊有關烏克蘭和俄羅斯的戰爭。歡迎免費收聽。
【本集新聞全文】
Last month on February 24, Russia invaded Ukraine. The president of Russia, President Vladimir Putin, sent troops into Ukraine and then fired missiles at them. Many other countries are doing what they can to help Ukraine. Over 3 million Ukrainians have fled their homeland. Half of them are children.
上個月2月24日，俄羅斯入侵了烏克蘭。俄國總統普丁派軍隊進入烏克蘭，並對烏克蘭發射飛彈。許多國家正盡可能幫助烏克蘭。至今超過三百萬的烏克蘭人已逃離家園，一半以上的難民是兒童。
- invade (v.) 入侵、侵略
- president (n.) 總統
- troops (n.) 軍隊、部隊
- missile (n.) 導彈、飛彈
- country (n.) 國家
- Ukrainian (n.) 烏克蘭人 / Ukraine (n.) 烏克蘭
- fled (v.) 逃離
- homeland (n.) 家園
1. Why did Putin start a war? 為什麼普丁要發動戰爭？
Putin claims that his goal was to “protect” people. He doesn’t allow news reporters to use words like war, invasion, or attack in their news stories. Whatever Putin really wants, he believes that he can get it by firing missiles, shooting bombs, and sending soldiers into Ukraine.
普丁說，他的目的是要「保護」俄羅斯人。他禁止新聞使用特定字眼如「戰爭」、「入侵」、「攻擊」播報這個事件。無論普丁真正目的為何，他認為透過發射飛彈、丟炸藥、派遣軍隊進入烏克蘭，這些動作可以讓他達到目的。
2. Why don’t other countries help Ukraine? 為什麼其他國家沒有幫忙烏克蘭打仗？
”Why doesn’t someone just catch Putin and put him into jail to end all this violence?“ I do wish things could be that simple. However, it is pretty complicated. Many countries are trying to stop Putin. They want to help Ukraine in different ways, without actually fighting more.
小朋友可能會問：「為什麼不要有人偷偷把普丁抓起來，關進監獄就好了？就可以終止暴力了。」要是可以這麼單純解決就好了，偏偏很複雜。不過，已經有很多國家正在想辦法阻止普丁。他們嘗試用不同的方式幫助烏克蘭，而不是直接參與戰爭。
3. Why don’t the Russians stop their president? 為什麼俄羅斯人沒有阻止他們的總統？
Actually, thousands of Russian protesters have been arrested for showing their support for Ukraine.
Putin has closed down independent media, Facebook, Twitter, and even Instagram. He wants to make sure that the Russian people only get information from official governmental sources. People in Russia can only listen to one point of view. Therefore, some Russians support Putin because they think that Russia is trying to protect their own country.
其實已經有很多俄羅斯人上街抗議，表達反戰，但這些示威人士都遭到逮捕。普丁關閉了俄羅斯許的獨立媒體，禁止人民使用臉書、推特等社群媒體，他要確保俄羅斯人只接受來自官方媒體的資訊，只能聽到一種聲音。因此，有些俄羅斯人事實上支持普丁的行動，他們認為俄羅斯這麼做都只是為了自衛。
4. How can I help as a kid? 小孩子可以做什麼？
I read the following from the CBC Kids News Website. I think it is very wise, and I really want to share it with you. There are two things a kid like you can do:
以下是我從CBC Kids News的網站讀到的，我覺得很棒，希望能夠跟大家分享。小朋友可以做這兩件事情：
(1) Keep asking questions and learning more 持續發問、持續學習
CBC Kids News
(2) Watch out for fake news 注意假新聞（媒體識讀）
Always remember that not everything you see online or on the news is true. Sadly, some of the news is full of misinformation or is completely fake. So try to keep an open mind. You’re going to hear different stories about the same thing. False information is spread to trick people. So check for facts, be skeptical, and always listen to multiple points of view before making your final judgment.
要記得，不是所有新聞或是網路上看到的資訊都是正確的。很遺憾的，有些內容充滿錯誤資訊，或根本是假新聞。對所有資訊抱持開放的心態、不要懷有成見，對於同一件事情你可能會聽到各種版本的解讀。假新聞是被刻意製造出來要誤導人的，因此記得要做事實查核，對資訊抱持合理的懷疑，不要太快下定論，多聽聽各方面不同的意見，多了解之後再做最後的決定。
5. Is Taiwan Safe? 台灣安全嗎？
“Is Taiwan Safe? Will China invade Taiwan?” Well, I have no answer to these difficult questions. But I can tell you something about how to keep safe from bullying.
「台灣安全嗎？中國會打過來嗎？」我沒有辦法回答這困難的問題，但是我可以給小朋友一點建議，幫助你在遇到霸凌的時候可以保護自己。
There are bullies all around the place: at school, at the park, at your cram schools… everywhere. One thing you could do is to stay away from the bully. The second thing you could do is to make yourself strong. Show the bully that you are not sad or scared, and that you have the power to protect yourself. The third and fourth things you could do is to have friends near you, or an adult you can tell about the bully.
無論在學校、在公園玩、補習班，到處都有可能遇到會欺負人的惡霸。你可以做的第一件事情是：遠離他。第二件事情是：讓你自己變得更強壯（身心都是），讓霸凌者知道你不害怕也不會因為他的行為而傷心，展現出你有保護自己的能力。第三件事情是：有好朋友結伴同行。第四件事情是：有你能信任的大人可以跟你聊聊。
After all, nobody should be mean to others. Treat everyone around you with respect and kindness. When you do see bullying, stand up for others.
畢竟，大家都應該彼此善待，要用尊重和慈愛對待身邊所有的人。當小朋友看到霸凌事件發生的時候，要挺身而出。
- 【關於霸凌：延伸閱讀】
- https://www.stompoutbullying.org/how-to-deal-with-bullies
- https://www.stopbullying.gov/resources/kids
Conclusion 結論
Every single person deserves to be safe, and free from war. I think starting a war by shooting bombs and killing people is not the way to solve a problem. It only creates more problems.
世界上每個人都應該活得安全，免受戰爭的威脅。我覺得發動戰爭、丟炸彈、奪取別人的生命並不能解決問題，只會製造更多的問題。
Although there are scary things happening in the world, there is some good news. There are many people trying to solve these problems. Let’s help the world become a better place by bringing more love, peace, hope, and kindness to the world.
雖然世界上有很多可怕的事情，但還是有很多好事在發生喔！也有很多人努力在試著解決問題。我們可以一起讓這個世界變得更美好，為身邊的人帶來更多愛、和平、希望、慈愛。
【延伸閱讀】Advanced Reading（英文網站）
- How to talk to children about Ukraine? https://theweekjunior.com/ukraine
- Experts answer 10 questions from Canadian kids on Russian invasion of Ukraine – CBC Kids News https://www.cbc.ca/kidsnews/post/experts-answer-10-questions-from-canadian-kids-on-russian-invasion-of-ukrai
- Russia declares War on Ukraine. Here’s Why – CBC Kids News https://www.cbc.ca/kidsnews/post/russia-declared-war-on-ukraine.-heres-why/
- Russia Invades Ukraine, World Leaders Condemn Attack – newsforkids.net https://newsforkids.net/articles/2022/02/24/russia-invades-ukraine-world-leaders-condemn-attack/
- Can you trust the news? How to tell the difference between real and fake news | CBC Kids News https://youtu.be/VnFTsI-6–U
【家長資源】Ｍore Information（中文網站）
- 為什麼和孩子討論俄國入侵烏克蘭很重要，該怎麼談呢？- 報導者 The Reporter https://www.twreporter.org/a/how-to-talk-to-children-about-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine
- 俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭(如何跟孩子解釋戰爭) – BBC中文網https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-60601812
- 如何跟孩子談「戰爭」？七個開啟討論的重要提醒 – 親子天下 https://www.parenting.com.tw/article/5092172
聽故事學英文 